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Websites
Reports20 Questions on Genetically Modified Foods Food Safety Department, World Health Organization http://www.who.int/foodsafety/publications/biotech/20questions/en/ Biotechnology Questions and Answers Center for Consumer Research, University of California, Davis http://ccr.ucdavis.edu/biot/index.html Codex Principles and Guidelines on Foods Derived from Biotechnology ftp://ftp.fao.org/codex/standard/en/CodexTextsBiotechFoods.pdf GAO, Genetically Modified Foods: Experts View Regimen of Safety Tests as Adequate, but FDA's Evaluation Process Could Be Enhanced. GAO-02-566 (May 23, 2002) Abstract Safety of Genetically Modified Foods Produced Through Biotechnology Society of Toxicology (September 25, 2002) http://www.toxicology.org/information/GovernmentMedia/GM_Food.html
Transgenic Plants and World Agriculture Justin Gillis, The Washington Post (04/01/04) http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A40595-2004Mar31.html As the biotech industry produces more genetically engineered products, existing federal law may be inadequate to assure the products’ safety, according to a report released today by the Pew Initiative on Food and Biotechnology, a Washington think tank. “The regulatory system isn’t broken, but it is showing signs of wear and tear,” said Michael Rodemeyer, executive director of the Pew Initiative. The Pew report is available at http://pewagbiotech.org/ SOFA: The State of Food and Agriculture 2003-04, FAO, explores the potential of agricultural biotechnology - especially transgenic crops - to meet the needs of the poor. The report presents an analysis of the socio-economic impacts of technological change in agriculture and surveys the current evidence regarding the safety of transgenic crops for human health and the environment. It recommends targeted investments in agricultural research, extension, and regulatory capacity to ensure that the potential of agricultural biotechnology is brought to bear on the needs of the poor. Agricultural biotechnology has the potential to significantly improve standards of living in poor nations, but thus far only a few developing countries are enjoying those benefits. "Other barriers that prevent the poor from accessing and fully benefiting from modern biotechnology include inadequate regulatory procedures, complex intellectual property issues, poorly functioning markets and seed delivery systems, and weak domestic plant breeding capacity." The complete report is available online ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/006/Y5160e/Y5160e00.pdf
Issues in the Regulation of Genetically Engineered Plants and Animals,
Are Europe's labeling laws for genetically modified foods cost-effective, or even necessary? Another Look at Biotech Regulation, Nicholas Kalaitzandonakes, Regulation Magazine: Vol. 27, No. 1 (Spring 2004) available at: http://www.cato.org/pubs/regulation/regv27n1/v27n1-5.pdf
Travesties of Regulation, Harmful U.N. policies
[biotechnology]
Agricultural Biotechnology: Why Do Europeans Have Difficulty Accepting It?
GMOS AND BIOSAFETY: A
BACKGROUND PAPER FOR DECISION-MAKERS.
FDA Proposes Draft Guidance for Industry for New Plant Varieties Intended
for Food Use
Recommendations for the Early Food Safety Evaluation of New Non-Pesticidal
Proteins Produced by New Plant Varieties Intended for Food Use DRAFT GUIDANCE
Notice of Draft Guidance for Industry: Recommendations for the Early Food
Safety Evaluation of New Non-Pesticidal Proteins Produced by New Plant
Varieties
Intended for Food Use Why We Need Labelling of Genetically Engineered Food, Consumers International http://www.consumersinternational.org/documents_asp/searchdocument.asp?DocID=583®ionid=135&langid=1#
EU Q & A’s on GMOs Americans and GM Food: Knowledge, Opinion & Interest in 2004, W. Hallman, W. Hebden, C. Cuite, H. Aquino, and J. Lang. http://www.foodpolicyinstitute.org/docs/reports/NationalStudy2004.pdf Expertise, Trust, and Communication about Food Biotechnology, J. Lang, K. O'Neill, and W. Hallman. Agbioforum 6:4 http://www.agbioforum.org/v6n4/v6n4a06-lang.htm Environmental Issues
Precautionary PrincipleEU View Of Precautionary Principle in Food Safety http://www.eurunion.org/News/speeches/2003/031023tvdh.htm Comparing Precaution in the United States and Europe, Jonathan B. Wiener and Michael D. Rogers, Journal of Risk Research – revised 26 April 2002 http://www.env.duke.edu/solutions/documents/wp01.pdf Precautionary Principle, Communication from the Commission, Commission of the European Communities (Feb. 2, 2000) http://europa.eu.int/comm/dgs/health_consumer/library/pub/pub07_en.pdf. The Perils of the Precautionary Principle: Lessons from the American and European Experience http://www.heritage.org/Research/Regulation/hl818.cfm “Substantial Equivalence” and the Precautionary Principle: A Challenge To Risk Assessment, Andrew Apel, AgBiotech Reporter http://www.biotech-info.net/risk_assessment_challenge.html. Precautionary Principle Background Reading
News
FDA Proposes Draft Guidance for Industry for New Plant Varieties Intended
for Food Use
Recommendations for the Early Food Safety Evaluation of New Non-Pesticidal
Proteins Produced by New Plant Varieties Intended for Food Use DRAFT GUIDANCE
Notice of Draft Guidance for Industry: Recommendations for the Early Food Safety
Evaluation of New Non-Pesticidal Proteins Produced by New Plant
Varieties Intended for
Food Use Guidance On Consultation Procedures: Foods Derived From New Plant Varieties, FDA, Office of Premarket Approval, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (October 1997) http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~lrd/consulpr.html. Harvest of Fear, Nova/Frontline Special Report (on the controversy over GM crops) http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/harvest/ Should We Grow GM Crops? http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/harvest/exist/ Mutant Food, Kristi Coale, Salon.com article (the story of a lawsuit filed in the late 1990s against the FDA, which turned up FDA documents revealing that some of the agency's scientists have doubts about the safety of GM food) http://dir.salon.com/news/feature/2000/01/12/food/index.html. Who’s Afraid?, Economist (An op-ed article summarizing both sides of the GM food issue) (Jun 17, 1999) http://www.economist.com/displaystory.cfm?story_id=213459&CFID=1168845&CFTOKEN=11141195 Pandora’s Pantry, Jon R. Luoma, Mother Jones (January/February 2000) (A story on the government's rush to approve GM foods, and the questions many feel were left unanswered.) http://www.motherjones.com/news/feature/2000/01/pandora.html.
Consumer advocates urge Codex to accept labeling of GM foods |
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